What is the purpose of using a capacitor bank in a substation?

The purpose of using a capacitor bank in a substation is primarily to improve power factor and provide reactive power support. Capacitor banks are essential for managing the reactive power in an electrical system, which helps maintain voltage levels within acceptable limits across the network. When reactive power is not adequately supplied, it can lead to poor voltage regulation and reduced system efficiency.

By adding capacitance to the system, capacitor banks can offset the inductive effects of motors and transformers, which often consume reactive power. This leads to better overall system performance, improved energy efficiency, and reduced energy costs. Capacitor banks are strategically placed within substations to ensure that the reactive power needs of the electrical loads are met, allowing for optimal functioning of the power system and enhancing the reliability of the electrical supply.