Why are lightening or surge arrestors important for distribution systems?

Lightning or surge arrestors are crucial for distribution systems primarily because they protect equipment from voltage spikes. When lightning strikes or when there are sudden surges in electrical power, the voltage can increase significantly and can reach levels that surpass the normal operating range of electrical equipment. These spikes can cause damage to transformers, circuit breakers, and other sensitive components.

Surge arrestors work by providing a controlled path for excess voltage to be safely redirected to the ground, thereby preventing it from impacting the equipment in the distribution system. This not only helps in maintaining the integrity and longevity of electrical devices but also ensures the overall reliability of the power supply. Their role in safeguarding against transient overvoltages is vital in preventing equipment failure or even catastrophic incidents, making them essential for efficient and safe electrical distribution systems.

The other options do not accurately describe the primary function of lightning or surge arrestors. For instance, while some components within the distribution system might monitor performance, this is not a function of surge arrestors. Generating power during outages or preventing transformer overloads are also unrelated to the protective role that surge arrestors play in the framework of electrical distribution.